Root rot develops when damaged root tissue and microorganisms thrive in overly wet, oxygen-poor conditions. Treatment means removing dead tissue, correcting drainage, and preserving as much healthy root as possible rather than blindly disinfecting the plant.
Unpot the plant and distinguish healthy roots from rot
Healthy roots are generally firm for the species; rotted roots collapse, feel slimy, or smell unpleasant. Remove potting mix gently so functioning roots are not damaged unnecessarily.
Trim only clearly dead root tissue
Use clean, appropriately sanitized scissors and trim back to firm tissue. Do not remove healthy roots simply to make the root ball look even; the plant needs functioning root area to recover.
Repot into a mix and container with real drainage
Choose an aerated mix appropriate for the species and a pot with functioning drain holes. Do not use a layer of rocks as a substitute for drainage or leave water standing inside a sealed decorative pot.
Reduce stress while new roots develop
Provide appropriate light, avoid strong immediate fertilizing, and water only when the mix reaches the dryness level the plant needs. If nearly all roots are gone, propagating healthy tissue may be more realistic than expecting full recovery.
Sources
- University of Minnesota Extension — Houseplants — Houseplant watering, root health, light, and recovery guidance.