Pills can be removed without pulling healthy fibers when the garment is laid flat and the right tool is used. A fabric shaver or purpose-made comb is usually more controlled than picking by hand; work gradually and stop if the fabric begins to thin.
Lay the garment flat and smooth the surface
Work on a clean table with the fabric dry and smooth. Do not pull a fine knit tight, because excessive tension can distort the garment while pills are being cut away.
Use a fabric shaver or garment comb
Move the tool with light pressure over small areas. On delicate fabrics, test an inconspicuous spot first to make sure it does not snag loops or cut surface fibers unevenly.
Do not pull pills off with your fingers
Pulling can draw out fibers that still belong to the fabric and leave long threads or weakened spots. If a pill does not release with a safe tool, trim it carefully without lifting the fabric.
Stop if the surface begins to look thin
Every shaving pass removes some fiber. If you see thinning, shiny patches, or open spots, stop trying to make the garment look new; the issue has become fabric wear rather than surface pilling alone.
Sources
- American Cleaning Institute — Fabric Care — Fabric-care guidance for stains, fibers, and methods compatible with garment labels.