A refrigerator is best connected directly to a properly grounded wall receptacle with adequate circuit capacity. An extension cord adds another connection and can create voltage drop or heating, especially during compressor startup; it should be considered only as an exceptional temporary measure if the manufacturer allows it and the cord is sized for the load.
The normal connection should be directly to the wall
Use the receptacle and circuit specified by the manual with the plug fully seated. Do not use power strips, multi-outlet adapters, or coiled cords behind the appliance where heating or damage may go unnoticed.
The compressor draws startup current
Even when average power use seems modest, the compressor can draw higher current while starting. A thin or very long cord increases voltage drop and can cause plugs and connections to heat.
If a temporary cord is unavoidable, follow manufacturer requirements
Use one short grounded cord with gauge and rating at least as large as required only when the appliance instructions permit it. Do not run it under rugs, do not chain cords, and make sure plugs remain cool and firmly seated.
For ongoing use, install a proper receptacle
If the refrigerator always needs an extension cord to reach power, the appliance location or electrical installation should be corrected. A proper permanent receptacle removes temporary connections and follows the appliance safety instructions.
Sources
- U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission — Electrical Safety — Household electrical-safety guidance and warning signs that call for stopping use or professional help.