Care symbols summarize what a garment can tolerate during washing, bleaching, drying, ironing, or professional cleaning. The basic shape identifies the process, while bars, dots, and crosses add limits. Before choosing a cycle, read the full set: an allowed temperature does not override a gentle-cycle or no-tumble-dry instruction.
The washtub symbol covers washing with water
A number or dots inside the washtub indicate the maximum temperature under the applicable symbol system; a hand means hand wash and a cross means do not wash in water. One or two bars underneath usually call for gentler mechanical treatment.
The triangle refers to bleaching
An empty triangle generally permits bleaching according to the care system; lined variants restrict the type, and a crossed triangle means do not bleach. Do not turn the symbol into a chemical recipe: read the product label too and never mix incompatible cleaners.
Square and circle symbols describe drying
A circle inside a square refers to tumble drying, with dots indicating heat level; lines inside a square can specify an air-drying position. If the symbol is crossed out, avoid that method even if the garment looks durable.
The iron and separate circle cover finishing and professional care
Dots on the iron indicate heat levels and a cross means do not iron. A separate circle is for professional cleaning, with letters and bars intended for the cleaner. If the label is cut off or unreadable, choose the most conservative method compatible with the fiber.
Sources
- American Cleaning Institute — Laundry Basics — Sorting, dosing, fabric-care, and laundering practices guided by care labels.